deprive
基本释义
[verb] prevent (a person or place) from having or using something
[动词] 阻止（某人或某个地方）拥有或使用某物
深入解读
Deprive 是一个前不久小站（微信公众号：田间小站）在 小词详解 | derive 中提到过的单词。该词源自中古拉丁语 deprivare （剥夺），14世纪中期经古法语 depriver 进入英语后原指“免去……的职务”，尤指免去某个圣职。
等到了14世纪末后， deprive 开始发展出现在的主要含义指“剥夺、使丧失、使不能享有”，主要表示夺走或扣留某人或某个地方拥有的、使用的或应有的某个需要的、重要的或者有价值的东西，并使之远离。
值得注意的是，类似熟词 rob 那样， deprive 虽为及物动词，但其直接宾语是被剥夺的人或地方，而非所剥夺的东西，故常用短语动词 deprive sb/sth of sth 将所剥夺的东西放在介词 of 后面，比如：
- 在1976年酷热难当的夏天，他们遭到监禁并被剥夺了基本权利。
In the sweltering summer of 1976, they were imprisoned and deprived of their basic rights.
好书例句
Deprived of their usual car-washing and lawn-mowing pursuits, the inhabitants of Privet Drive had retreated into the shade of their cool houses, windows thrown wide in the hope of tempting in a non-existent breeze.
女贞路上的居民，平常的消遣就是擦车和割草，现在这两件事都做不成了，只好躲进他们阴凉的房子里，把窗户开得大大的，指望能吹进一丝并不存在的凉风。
出自英国作家J·K·罗琳的奇幻小说《哈利·波特》系列的第五本《哈利·波特与凤凰社》（Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix）。
外刊例句
- The old and the socially deprived more likely than the young, well-off and well-connected.
老年人和脱离社会的人群高于年轻人、富裕人群和有强大社会关系的人群。
——《经济学人》 - As the United States and Europe seek to deprive Russia of its oil and gas income, their leaders hope Qatar can help fill the void.
随着美国和欧洲试图剥夺俄罗斯的石油和天然气收入，它们的领导人希望卡塔尔能够帮助填补这一空缺。
——《纽约时报》
常见短语
Deprive 是一个动词，意为剥夺、使丧失。以下是关于 “deprive” 的短语：
剥夺某物：
- Deprive of sleep: 剥夺睡眠
- Deprive of freedom: 剥夺自由
- Deprive of rights: 剥夺权利
- Deprive of privileges: 剥夺特权
- Deprive of food: 剥夺食物
- Deprive of resources: 剥夺资源
- Deprive of opportunities: 剥夺机会
- Deprive of happiness: 剥夺幸福
- Deprive of love: 剥夺爱
- Deprive of education: 剥夺教育
- Deprive of support: 剥夺支持
- Deprive of sight: 剥夺视力
- Deprive of hearing: 剥夺听力
- Deprive of speech: 剥夺言论自由
- Deprive of rights: 剥夺权利
- Deprive of belongings: 剥夺财物
- Deprive of opportunities: 剥夺机会
- Deprive of privileges: 剥夺特权
- Deprive of independence: 剥夺独立性
- Deprive of joy: 剥夺快乐
- Deprive of dignity: 剥夺尊严
剥夺某人：
- Deprive someone of their rights: 剥夺某人的权利
- Deprive someone of their freedom: 剥夺某人的自由
- Deprive someone of their possessions: 剥夺某人的财产
- Deprive someone of their opportunities: 剥夺某人的机会
- Deprive someone of their happiness: 剥夺某人的幸福
- Deprive someone of their childhood: 剥夺某人的童年
- Deprive someone of their education: 剥夺某人的教育
- Deprive someone of their privacy: 剥夺某人的隐私
- Deprive someone of their rights: 剥夺某人的权利
- Deprive someone of their dignity: 剥夺某人的尊严
- Deprive someone of their dreams: 剥夺某人的梦想
- Deprive someone of their happiness: 剥夺某人的幸福
其他短语：
- Deprive oneself: 剥夺自己
- Deprive someone/something of something: 剥夺某人/某物的某事物
- Deprive someone of sleep: 剥夺某人的睡眠
- Deprive someone of love and affection: 剥夺某人的爱和关怀
- Deprive someone of their rightful place: 剥夺某人应有的位置
- Deprive someone of an opportunity: 剥夺某人的机会
- Deprive someone of their inheritance: 剥夺某人的遗产
- Deprive someone of their innocence: 剥夺某人的纯真
同近义词
divest: deprive someone of (power, rights, or possessions)
dispossess: deprive (someone) of land, property, or other possessions
strip: deprive someone of (rank, power, or property)
