Tao Yuanming Poems: Old Styled Verse  (IV) – 陶渊明《拟古  (九首其四)》

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拟古
 (九首其四)

迢迢[1]百尺楼,分明望四荒。

暮作归云宅,朝为飞鸟堂。

山河满目中,平原独茫茫。

古时功名士,慷慨争此场。

一旦百岁后,相与还北邙[2]。

松柏为人伐,高坟互低昂。

颓基无遗主[3],游魂在何方?

荣华诚足贵,亦复可怜伤!

这首诗写由登楼远眺而引起的对历史人生的感慨。“迢迢百尺楼,分明望四荒”指登上高高百尺楼,清晰可见远处四方。登楼之事,未必实有,而只是虚构形象,诗人借以抒发情怀。江山满目,茫茫无限。“古时功名士,慷慨争此场”指古时追逐功名利禄之人,慷慨追逐在山河、平原。功名士想到死后的冷落,诗人不禁感慨功名士其可怜可悲,历史沧桑,古今之变,尤显人生一世,何其短暂!抒发了诗人不慕荣华富贵、坚持隐居守节的志向与情怀。诗人否定功名富贵,就是对自己归田躬耕生活道路的肯定。

注释:

[1]迢迢:本意是遥远的,这里形容楼台很高。

[2]北邙:位于洛阳北面,东汉、魏、西晋的君臣很多埋葬于此,这里泛指坟墓。

[3]遗主:死者的后人。

Old Styled Verse
 (IV)

The hundred-foot-high tower proud

Commands superb views far and nigh.

At dusk it’s crowned with drowsy cloud,

At dawn around it birds will fly.

Mountain on mountain, stream on stream,

All come in sight with boundless plain.

Heroes of yore with smile would beam

To win victory and glory vain.

They would die in a hundred years

And lie buried then underground.

Cypress or pine felled disappears,

Lofty tomb leveled down to mound.

A fallen empire has no heir,

Where could the roaming soul be found?

Glory is a castle in the air;

There is no hero but death-bound!

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